Hive提供了三种客户端访问接口：

1）Hive CLI（Hive Command Line，Hive命令行），客户端可以直接在命令行模式下进行操作。

2）hwi（Hive Web Interface，Hive Web接口），Hive提供了更直观的Web界面

3）hiveserver，Hive提供了Thrift服务，Thrift客户端目前支持C++/Java/PHP/Python/Ruby。

下面我们来分别尝试下这三种接口访问方式：

一、Hive CLI

直接键入hive命令即可进入CLI模式：

[cloud@cloud01 lib]$ hive
Hive history file=/tmp/cloud/hive_job_log_cloud_201110311056_1009535967.txt
hive> show tables;
OK
testhivedrivertable
Time taken:3.038 seconds
hive>select*from testhivedrivertable;
OK
Time taken:0.905 seconds
hive> quit;[cloud@cloud01 lib]$

更多的命令选项，参见官方wiki，Hive Cli

二、Hive hwi

Hive hwi提供了一个更直观的web界面，使用起来更方便。

1）启动hive hwi

[cloud@cloud01 ~]$ hive --service hwi
11/10/3110:14:11 INFO hwi.HWIServer: HWI is starting up
11/10/3110:14:11 INFO mortbay.log:Logging to org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerAdapter(org.mortbay.log) via org.mortbay.log.Slf4jLog11/10/3110:14:11 INFO mortbay.log: jetty-6.1.1411/10/3110:14:11 INFO mortbay.log:Extract jar:file:/data/cloud/hive-0.7.1/lib/hive-hwi-0.7.1.war!/ to /tmp/Jetty_0_0_0_0_9999_hive.hwi.0.7.1.war__hwi__.hf8ccz/webapp
11/10/3110:14:12 INFO mortbay.log:StartedSocketConnector@0.0.0.0:9999

2）通过hwi方式访问Hive

我的Hive部署在10.46.169.101机器上，hive默认hwi端口为9999。我们在浏览器中键入http://10.46.169.101:9999/hwi/就可以访问了。如图：

更多hwi的信息，访问官方wiki，hwi

三、hiveserver

Hive以Thrift方式作为服务对客户端提供，目前Hive的Thrift绑定了多种语言，C++/Java/PHP/Python/Ruby，可在Hive发行版本的src/service/src目录下找到这些语言的Thrift绑定。Hive还提供了JDBC和ODBC的驱动，大大方面了基于Hive的应用开发。我利用官方的例子对JDBC驱动进行了测试。

1）启动hiveserver

[cloud@cloud01 ~]$ hive --service hiveserver
StartingHiveThriftServer

2）在Eclipse中新建一个Java工程Hive0.7.1Test

3）将$HIVE_HOME/lib目录下的jar包加到工程的buildpath里

4）Hive的表是存储在HDFS上，所以，需要加载Hadoop的核心jar包。我的Hadoop版本是0.20.1。

5）新建一个class，用官方wiki提供的代码，如下：

import java.sql.SQLException;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.ResultSet;import java.sql.Statement;import java.sql.DriverManager;publicclassHiveJdbcClient{privatestaticString driverName ="org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver";/**
* @param args
* @throws SQLException
*/publicstaticvoid main(String[] args)throwsSQLException{try{Class.forName(driverName);}catch(ClassNotFoundException e){// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();System.exit(1);}Connection con =DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:hive://10.46.169.101:10000/default","","");Statement stmt = con.createStatement();String tableName ="testHiveDriverTable";
stmt.executeQuery("drop table "+ tableName);ResultSet res = stmt.executeQuery("create table "+ tableName
+" (key int, value string)");// show tablesString sql ="show tables '"+ tableName +"'";System.out.println("Running: "+ sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);if(res.next()){System.out.println(res.getString(1));}// describe table
sql ="describe "+ tableName;System.out.println("Running: "+ sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);while(res.next()){System.out.println(res.getString(1)+"\t"+ res.getString(2));}// load data into table// NOTE: filepath has to be local to the hive server// NOTE: /tmp/a.txt is a ctrl-A separated file with two fields per lineString filepath ="/tmp/a.txt";
sql ="load data local inpath '"+ filepath +"' into table "+ tableName;System.out.println("Running: "+ sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);// select * query
sql ="select * from "+ tableName;System.out.println("Running: "+ sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);while(res.next()){System.out.println(String.valueOf(res.getInt(1))+"\t"+ res.getString(2));}// regular hive query
sql ="select count(1) from "+ tableName;System.out.println("Running: "+ sql);
res = stmt.executeQuery(sql);while(res.next()){System.out.println(res.getString(1));}}}

<div>2011-10-31 11:21:31,703 WARN [main] conf.Configuration(175): DEPRECATED: hadoop-site.xml found in the classpath. Usage of hadoop-site.xml is deprecated. Instead use core-site.xml, mapred-site.xml and hdfs-site.xml to override properties of core-default.xml, mapred-default.xml and hdfs-default.xml respectively</div><div>Running: show tables 'testHiveDriverTable'</div><div>testhivedrivertable</div><div>Running: describe testHiveDriverTable</div><div>keyint</div><div>valuestring</div><div>Running: load data local inpath '/tmp/a.txt' into table testHiveDriverTable</div><div>Exception in thread "main" java.sql.SQLException: Query returned non-zero code: 10, cause: FAILED: Error in semantic analysis: Line 1:23 Invalid path '/tmp/a.txt': No files matching path file:/tmp/a.txt</div><div>at org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveStatement.executeQuery(HiveStatement.java:192)</div><div>at com.zte.allen.hive.HiveJdbcClient.main(HiveJdbcClient.java:53)</div>