文章目录
- 前言
- 技术栈
- 项目目录
- 前端实现
-
- index.html
- script.js
- 后端实现
-
- MultipartFile 介绍
- 配置文件
- 实体类
- Controller
- AjaxResult
- Mapper
- Service
- 拦截器
- 测试结果展示
前言
最近有一个需求需要实现图片上传,因此,本人找到了一个可以快速实现该功能的插件mini-upload-form。在此记录分享一下使用过程。
mini-upload-form的Github跳转
将程序从github拉下后,前端页面index.html可简单修改后直接使用,我们的精力主要放在后端实现。
技术栈
- jdk1.8.0_162
- maven-3.3.9
- mybatis-plus
项目目录
需将mini-upload-from中assets文件下的资源引入自己项目中。除外还需引入bootstrap和jquery。
前端实现
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>Mini Ajax File Upload Form</title>
<!-- The main CSS file -->
<link href="mini-upload-form/css/style.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<link href="bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
</head>
<body>
<div class="row">
<div class="col align-self-start">
<div><h4>上传照片:</h4></div>
<div class="d-flex flex-row flex-wrap mb-5" id="upload-img-container">
<p>暂无</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col align-self-start">
<form id="upload" method="post" action="/file/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<div id="note" class="text-white"></div>
<div id="drop">
拖到此区域
<a>浏览本地</a>
<input id="uploadFile" type="file" name="file" multiple/>
</div>
<ul>
<!-- The file uploads will be shown here -->
</ul>
</form>
<div class="col align-self-start">
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col align-self-start">
<div class="text-center">
<a type="button" id="submit-file-btn" class="text-center btn btn-info text-white">提交</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="js/jquery-1.11.3.js"></script>
<script src="bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
<script src="mini-upload-form/js/jquery.knob.js"></script>
<!-- jQuery File Upload Dependencies -->
<script src="mini-upload-form/js/jquery.ui.widget.js"></script>
<script src="mini-upload-form/js/jquery.iframe-transport.js"></script>
<script src="mini-upload-form/js/jquery.fileupload.js"></script>
<!-- Our main JS file -->
<script src="mini-upload-form/js/script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
script.js
本文还实现了上传成功后回写到前端页面,所以需修改script.js添加提交成功后回调函数。
// Automatically upload the file once it is added to the queue
var jqXHR = data.submit().success(function (result) {
var status = result['code'];
var fileUri = result['fileUri'];
var fileId = result['fileId'];
var originFileName = result['originFileName'];
if (status!='200'){
data.context.addClass('error');
numError++;
}else{
images.push(fileId)
localStorage.setItem('cd_files', JSON.stringify(images))
numSuccess++;
$("#upload-img-container>p:nth-child(1)").remove()
const imageHTML = "<div style='width:100px;height:100px;margin:.5rem;text-align:center'>"+
"<image class='rounded' style='width:100%;height:100%' src="+staticServer + fileUri +" alt=>"+
"<p class='text-center text-muted ' style='word-wrap: break-word;'>"+originFileName+"</p></div>";
$("#upload-img-container").append(imageHTML)
}
updateNote();
});
// Update the note
function updateNote() {
if($('#note').length)
$('#note').html('<span>' + numSuccess + '</span> 个成功上传.<br /><span id="note-error">' + numError + '</span> 个上传失败.' + (numError > 0 ? ' <a href="#" id="btn-retry"> (Retry all)</a>' : ''));
}
后端实现
MultipartFile 介绍
MultipartFile是SpringMVC提供简化上传操作的工具类。
在不使用框架之前,都是使用原生的HttpServletRequest来接收上传的数据,文件是以二进制流传递到后端的,然后需要我们自己转换为File类。使用了MultipartFile工具类之后,我们对文件上传的操作就简便许多了。
MultipartFile接口方法
package org.springframework.web.multipart;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import org.springframework.core.io.InputStreamSource;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import org.springframework.util.FileCopyUtils;
public interface MultipartFile extends InputStreamSource {
//getName() 返回参数的名称
String getName();
//获取源文件的昵称
@Nullable
String getOriginalFilename();
//getContentType() 返回文件的内容类型
@Nullable
String getContentType();
//isEmpty() 判断是否为空,或者上传的文件是否有内容
boolean isEmpty();
//getSize() 返回文件大小 以字节为单位
long getSize();
//getBytes() 将文件内容转化成一个byte[] 返回
byte[] getBytes() throws IOException;
//getInputStream() 返回InputStream读取文件的内容
InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException;
default Resource getResource() {
return new MultipartFileResource(this);
}
//transferTo(File dest) 用来把 MultipartFile 转换换成 File
void transferTo(File var1) throws IOException, IllegalStateException;
default void transferTo(Path dest) throws IOException, IllegalStateException {
FileCopyUtils.copy(this.getInputStream(), Files.newOutputStream(dest));
}
}
配置文件
# server
server.port=8010
# datasource
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://xxxx:3306/upload?characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=***
spring.datasource.password=****
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# upload size setting
spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=30MB
spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=30MB
file.upload.dir=D://upload
file.visit.path=upload
实体类
图片存储实体类SysFile
@Data
@Builder
@TableName("sys_file")
public class SysFile {
private String fileId;
private String mediaType;
private String fileFormat;
private String filePath;
private String originalName;
private Long fileSize;
private Integer imageWidth;
private Integer imageHeight;
private String createUserId;
private Date createDate;
private String updateUserId;
private Date updateDate;
}
Controller
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileUploadController {
@Autowired
private LocalStorageService localStorageService;
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public AjaxResult upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
try {
if (file.isEmpty()) {
throw new RuntimeException("上传文件不能为空");
}
return localStorageService.upload(file);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return AjaxResult.error("文件上传失败");
}
}
}
AjaxResult
public class AjaxResult extends HashMap<String, Object> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* 状态码
*/
public static final String CODE_TAG = "code";
/**
* 返回内容
*/
public static final String MSG_TAG = "msg";
/**
* 数据对象
*/
public static final String DATA_TAG = "data";
/**
* 状态类型
*/
public enum Type {
/**
* 成功
*/
SUCCESS(200),
/**
* 警告
*/
WARN(301),
/**
* 错误
*/
ERROR(500);
private final int value;
Type(int value) {
this.value = value;
}
public int value() {
return this.value;
}
}
/**
* 初始化一个新创建的 AjaxResult 对象,使其表示一个空消息。
*/
public AjaxResult() {
}
/**
* 初始化一个新创建的AjaxResult对象
*
* @param type 状态类型
* @param msg 返回内容
*/
public AjaxResult(Type type, String msg) {
super.put(CODE_TAG, type.value);
super.put(MSG_TAG, msg);
}
/**
* 初始化一个新创建的 AjaxResult 对象
*
* @param type 状态类型
* @param msg 返回内容
* @param data 数据对象
*/
public AjaxResult(Type type, String msg, Object data) {
super.put(CODE_TAG, type.value);
super.put(MSG_TAG, msg);
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(data)) {
super.put(DATA_TAG, data);
}
}
/**
* 返回成功消息
*
* @return 成功消息
*/
public static AjaxResult success() {
return AjaxResult.success("操作成功");
}
/**
* 返回成功数据
*
* @return 成功消息
*/
public static AjaxResult success(Object data) {
return AjaxResult.success("操作成功", data);
}
/**
* 返回成功消息
*
* @param msg 返回内容
* @return 成功消息
*/
public static AjaxResult success(String msg) {
return AjaxResult.success(msg, null);
}
/**
* 返回成功消息
*
* @param msg 返回内容
* @param data 数据对象
* @return 成功消息
*/
public static AjaxResult success(String msg, Object data) {
return new AjaxResult(Type.SUCCESS, msg, data);
}
/**
* 返回警告消息
*
* @param msg 返回内容
* @return 警告消息
*/
public static AjaxResult warn(String msg)
{
return AjaxResult.warn(msg, null);
}
/**
* 返回警告消息
*
* @param msg 返回内容
* @param data 数据对象
* @return 警告消息
*/
public static AjaxResult warn(String msg, Object data)
{
return new AjaxResult(Type.WARN, msg, data);
}
/**
* 返回错误消息
*
* @return
*/
public static AjaxResult error()
{
return AjaxResult.error("操作失败");
}
/**
* 返回错误消息
*
* @param msg 返回内容
* @return 警告消息
*/
public static AjaxResult error(String msg)
{
return AjaxResult.error(msg, null);
}
/**
* 返回错误消息
*
* @param msg 返回内容
* @param data 数据对象
* @return 警告消息
*/
public static AjaxResult error(String msg, Object data)
{
return new AjaxResult(Type.ERROR, msg, data);
}
/**
* 方便链式调用
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @return 数据对象
*/
@Override
public AjaxResult put(String key, Object value) {
super.put(key, value);
return this;
}
}
Mapper
SysFileMapper
@Mapper
public interface SysFileMapper extends BaseMapper<SysFile> {
}
Service
SysFileService
public interface SysFileService extends IService<SysFile> {
}
@Service
public class sysFileServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<SysFileMapper, SysFile> implements SysFileService {
}
LocalStorageService
@Slf4j
@Service("localStorageService")
public class LocalStorageService {
@Autowired
private SysFileService sysFileService;
@Value("${file.upload.dir}")
private String uploadDir;
@Value("${file.visit.path:upload}")
private String visitPath;
private static final String[] ALLOW_FILE_TYPES = { "jpg", "jpeg", "png"};
public AjaxResult upload(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
String contentType = file.getContentType().toLowerCase();
boolean allowType = false;
for (String allowFileType : ALLOW_FILE_TYPES) {
if(contentType.contains(allowFileType)) {
allowType = true;
break;
}
}
if (!allowType) {
return AjaxResult.error("请上传正确的文件格式");
}
String fileId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String subFolder = hashBy256(fileId);
File destFolder = new File(uploadDir + File.separator + subFolder);
if (!destFolder.exists()) {
destFolder.mkdirs();
}
String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
String fileExt = getFileType(originalFilename);
String destFileName = fileId + "." + fileExt;
File destFile = new File(uploadDir + File.separator + subFolder + File.separator + destFileName);
log.info("file saved in: {}", destFile.getAbsoluteFile());
file.transferTo(destFile);
String filePath = visitPath + File.separator + subFolder + File.separator + destFileName;
String fileUri = transferPathAsImageUri(filePath);
Long fileSize = file.getSize();
SysFile sysFile = SysFile.builder()
.fileId(fileId)
.filePath(filePath)
.fileFormat(fileExt)
.fileSize(fileSize)
.mediaType(contentType)
.originalName(originalFilename)
.build();
sysFileService.save(sysFile);
return AjaxResult.success()
.put("fileId", fileId)
.put("filePath", filePath)
.put("originFileName", originalFilename)
.put("fileName", destFileName)
.put("fileUri", fileUri);
}
private String getFileType(String originalFilename){
int extPos = originalFilename.lastIndexOf(".");
if (extPos != -1) {
return originalFilename.substring(extPos + 1);
}
throw new RuntimeException("未知类型");
}
public static String hashBy256(String str) {
String s = Integer.toHexString(Math.abs(str.hashCode()) % 256).toUpperCase();
if (s.length() == 1) {
s = "0" + s;
}
return s;
}
public static String transferPathAsImageUri(String fileServerPath) {
if (!StringUtils.hasLength(fileServerPath)) {
return null;
}
return "/" + fileServerPath.replaceAll("\\\\", "/");
}
}
拦截器
ResourceConfig,该拦截器用于上传后回写到界面
@Configuration
public class ResourceConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Value("${file.visit.path:upload}")
private String visitPath;
@Value("${file.upload.dir}")
private String resourceDir;
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addResourceHandler("/" + visitPath + "/**").addResourceLocations("file:" + resourceDir + "/");
}
}
测试结果展示
前端界面
到此,完整的图片上传功能就结束了,希望本文对您有所帮助。