echarts实现3d柱状图的两种方式
看了不少关于3d柱状图的案例,发现做3d柱状图 常用的两种方式就是 自定义图形和象型柱图, 两种实现方式效果如下:
方法1: echarts.graphic.extendShape 自定义图形
echarts自定义图形的详细用法点这里, 官网点这里, 图中第一个3d柱状图我参考的案例在这里, 看了很多 echarts这种3d案例, 自定义图形做3d柱状图,貌似只能有个柱子(可能 能做双柱,但是 我真的不会)
封装成组件的完整代码如下:
<template></template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { nextTick, watch } from 'vue';
import echarts from '@/assets/ts/echarts';
import useResizeChart from '@/hooks/useResizeChart';
function mergeConfig(defaultConfig: object, config: object) {
return Object.assign(defaultConfig, config);
}
function initOption(): echarts.EChartsCoreOption {
// 绘制左侧面
const CubeLeft = echarts.graphic.extendShape({
shape: {
x: 0,
y: 0,
},
buildPath: function (ctx, shape) {
// 会canvas的应该都能看得懂，shape是从custom传入的
const xAxisPoint = shape.xAxisPoint;
const c0 = [shape.x + 3.5, shape.y];
const c1 = [shape.x - 11.5, shape.y - 3];
const c2 = [xAxisPoint[0] - 11.5, xAxisPoint[1] - 6.5];
const c3 = [xAxisPoint[0] + 3.5, xAxisPoint[1]];
ctx.moveTo(c0[0], c0[1])
// @ts-ignore
.lineTo(c1[0], c1[1])
.lineTo(c2[0], c2[1])
.lineTo(c3[0], c3[1])
.closePath();
},
});
// 绘制右侧面
const CubeRight = echarts.graphic.extendShape({
shape: {
x: 0,
y: 0,
},
buildPath: function (ctx, shape) {
const xAxisPoint = shape.xAxisPoint;
const c1 = [shape.x + 3, shape.y];
const c2 = [xAxisPoint[0] + 3, xAxisPoint[1]];
const c3 = [xAxisPoint[0] + 12, xAxisPoint[1] - 7];
const c4 = [shape.x + 12, shape.y - 7];
ctx.moveTo(c1[0], c1[1])
// @ts-ignore
.lineTo(c2[0], c2[1])
.lineTo(c3[0], c3[1])
.lineTo(c4[0], c4[1])
.closePath();
},
});
// 绘制顶面
const CubeTop = echarts.graphic.extendShape({
shape: {
x: 0,
y: 0,
},
buildPath: function (ctx, shape) {
const c1 = [shape.x + 3.5, shape.y];
const c2 = [shape.x + 12.5, shape.y - 7.5]; //右点
const c3 = [shape.x - 2.5, shape.y - 10];
const c4 = [shape.x - 11.5, shape.y - 3];
ctx.moveTo(c1[0], c1[1])
// @ts-ignore
.lineTo(c2[0], c2[1])
.lineTo(c3[0], c3[1])
.lineTo(c4[0], c4[1])
.closePath();
},
});
// 注册三个面图形
echarts.graphic.registerShape('CubeLeft', CubeLeft);
echarts.graphic.registerShape('CubeRight', CubeRight);
echarts.graphic.registerShape('CubeTop', CubeTop);
const VALUE = props.value;
const series = [
{
type: 'custom',
renderItem: (params: any, api: any) => {
let cubeLeftStyle = new echarts.graphic.LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, 1, [
{
offset: 0,
// @ts-ignore
color: props.color[0],
},
{
offset: 1,
color: 'rgba(7, 20, 52,0.7)',
},
]);
let cubeRightStyle = new echarts.graphic.LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, 1, [
{
offset: 0,
color: 'rgba(7, 20, 52,1)',
},
{
offset: 1,
// @ts-ignore
color: props.color[0],
},
]);
let cubeTopStyle = new echarts.graphic.LinearGradient(0, 0, 0, 1, [
{
offset: 0,
// @ts-ignore
color: props.color[1] || props.color[0],
},
]);
const location = api.coord([api.value(0), api.value(1)]);
return {
type: 'group',
children: [
{
type: 'CubeLeft',
shape: {
api,
xValue: api.value(0),
yValue: api.value(1),
x: location[0],
y: location[1],
xAxisPoint: api.coord([api.value(0), 0]),
},
style: {
fill: cubeLeftStyle,
},
},
{
type: 'CubeRight',
shape: {
api,
xValue: api.value(0),
yValue: api.value(1),
x: location[0],
y: location[1],
xAxisPoint: api.coord([api.value(0), 0]),
},
style: {
fill: cubeRightStyle,
},
},
{
type: 'CubeTop',
shape: {
api,
xValue: api.value(0),
yValue: api.value(1),
x: location[0],
y: location[1],
xAxisPoint: api.coord([api.value(0), 0]),
},
style: {
fill: cubeTopStyle,
},
},
],
};
},
data: VALUE,
},
{
type: 'bar',
label: {
show: true,
position: 'top',
fontSize: 14,
color: props.color[0],
offset: [2, -10],
},
itemStyle: {
color: 'transparent',
},
tooltip: {},
data: VALUE,
},
];
const title = mergeConfig(
{
text: '',
textStyle: {
color: props.color[0],
fontWeight: '800',
fontSize: 12,
},
left: '18px',
top: '1%',
},
props.title,
);
const XAxisLine = mergeConfig(
{
show: false,
lineStyle: {
type: 'solid',
width: 1,
color: '#2c3954',
},
},
props.XAxisLine,
);
const YAxisLine = mergeConfig(
{
show: false,
lineStyle: {
show: true,
lineStyle: {
type: 'solid',
width: 1,
},
},
},
props.YAxisLine,
);
const legend = mergeConfig(
{
show: true,
left: 'center',
top: '95%',
icon: 'circle',
textStyle: {
color: '#fff',
},
},
props.legend,
);
const grid = mergeConfig(
{
left: '5%',
right: '5%',
top: '12%',
bottom: '0%',
containLabel: true,
},
props.grid,
);
const XSplitLine = mergeConfig(
{
show: false,
lineStyle: {
type: 'dashed',
width: 1,
},
},
props.XSplitLine,
);
// 纵坐标分割线配置
const YSplitLine = mergeConfig(
{
// 是否显示
// show: false,
show: true,
// 样式
lineStyle: {
color: '#13263e',
type: 'solid',
width: 1,
},
},
props.YSplitLine,
);
const XAxisTick = mergeConfig(
{
show: false,
length: 5,
inside: true,
alignWithLabel: true,
lineStyle: {
type: 'solid',
width: 1,
},
},
props.XAxisTick,
);
const YAxisTick = mergeConfig(
{
show: true,
length: 5,
inside: true,
alignWithLabel: true,
lineStyle: {
color: '#13263e',
type: 'solid',
width: 1,
},
},
props.YAxisTick,
);
let option: echarts.EChartsCoreOption = {
title,
tooltip: {
show: false,
// 指示器提示的坐标轴
trigger: 'axis',
// 阴影提示器
axisPointer: {
type: 'shadow',
shadowStyle: {
shadowColor: '#2e3e51', // 设置阴影的颜色
},
},
formatter: function (params: any) {
const item = params[1];
return item.name + ' : ' + item.value;
},
// 提示框背景颜色
backgroundColor: '#122843',
// 提示框边框颜色
borderColor: '#42D1F1',
// 提示框文本样式
textStyle: {
color: '#fff',
},
},
legend: legend,
grid: grid,
xAxis: {
type: 'category',
// boundaryGap: false,
data: props.xAxisData,
axisLine: XAxisLine,
splitLine: XSplitLine,
axisTick: XAxisTick,
axisLabel: {
//x轴文字的配置
show: true,
color: '#fff',
fontSize: 12,
rotate: 30,
},
},
yAxis: {
type: 'value',
name: props.yUnit,
nameTextStyle: {
color: '#fff',
fontSize: 16,
},
axisLine: YAxisLine,
splitLine: YSplitLine,
axisTick: YAxisTick,
axisLabel: {
//y轴文字的配置
color: '#fff',
fontSize: 12,
},
},
series,
};
option = Object.assign(option, props.config);
return option;
}
const props = defineProps({
pid: {
type: String,
required: true,
},
title: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
xAxisData: {
type: Array,
required: true,
},
legend: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
grid: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
XAxisLine: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
YAxisLine: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
yUnit: {
type: String,
default: '',
},
XSplitLine: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
YSplitLine: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
XAxisTick: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
YAxisTick: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
config: {
type: Object as () => echarts.EChartsCoreOption,
default: {},
},
value: {
type: Array,
required: true,
},
// 柱子的颜色
color: {
type: Array,
default: ['rgba(29, 230, 235,1)', 'rgba(7, 235, 251,1)'],
},
});
let option = initOption();
let container: HTMLElement | null = null;
let myChart: echarts.ECharts | null = null;
const renderChart = (notMerge: boolean = false) => {
if (!myChart) myChart = echarts.init(container as HTMLElement);
myChart.setOption(option, {
notMerge,
});
};
nextTick(() => {
container = document.querySelector('#' + props.pid) as HTMLElement;
renderChart();
useResizeChart(container, myChart as echarts.ECharts);
});
watch(
() => props,
(newVal, oldVal) => {
let notMerge = true;
option = initOption();
renderChart(notMerge);
},
{
deep: true,
},
);
function exportImg() {
const src = (myChart as echarts.ECharts).getDataURL({
pixelRatio: 2,
backgroundColor: '#08172A',
});
const a = document.createElement('a');
a.href = src;
a.download = (option.title as { text: string }).text || 'chart-img';
a.click();
}
defineExpose({
exportImg,
});
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped></style>
方式2: 象型柱图(type: “pictorialBar”)
echarts象型柱图的官网配置项点这里, 参考的案例在这里, 象型柱图可以单柱可以双柱
封装成组件的完整代码如下:
<template></template>
<script setup lang="ts">
import { nextTick, watch } from "vue";
import echarts from "@/assets/ts/echarts";
import { LegendComponent } from "echarts/components";
echarts.use([LegendComponent]);
// 合并配置方法
function mergeConfig(defaultConfig: object, config: object) {
return Object.assign(defaultConfig, config);
}
function initOption(): echarts.EChartsCoreOption {
// 此时 使用组件只需要要将 zzx1的数据和 wgx1 的数据传递到子组件
// 第一个柱子的值
const zzx1 = props.series[0].data; // 实际值
// 第二个柱子的值
const wgx1 = props.series[1].data;
// 变量: 改变每个柱子的大小, 后期可将其设置为动态的?
const barWidth = 30;
const series = [
// (0)第一个柱子 中间的正方形
{
type: "pictorialBar", // 象型柱状
symbol: "diamond",
symbolSize: [barWidth, 5], // 调整大小
// symbolOffset: [-13, -3], // 图形相对于原本位置的偏移
symbolOffset: ["-55%", -3], // 图形相对于原本位置的偏移
symbolPosition: "end",
z: 12,
color: "#2584e0",
data: zzx1,
},
// (1)第二个柱子中间的正方形
{
type: "pictorialBar",
symbol: "diamond",
symbolSize: [barWidth, 8],
// symbolOffset: [13, -3],
symbolOffset: ["55%", -3],
symbolPosition: "end",
z: 12,
color: "#07fdd3",
data: wgx1,
},
// (2)第一个柱子 底部的正方形
{
type: "pictorialBar",
symbol: "diamond",
symbolSize: [barWidth, 5],
// symbolOffset: [-13, 3],
symbolOffset: ["-55%", 3],
z: 12,
color: "#355ba8",
data: zzx1,
},
// (3)第二个柱子 底部的正方形
{
name: "",
type: "pictorialBar",
symbol: "diamond",
symbolSize: [barWidth, 5],
// symbolOffset: [13, 3],
symbolOffset: ["55%", 3],
color: "#2095a3",
z: 12,
data: wgx1,
},
// (4)一个柱子, 下方有颜色填充的的柱子
{
name: props.nameOne,
type: "bar",
barWidth: barWidth,
barGap: "10%",
// zlevel: 2,
stack: "1",
itemStyle: {
opacity: 0.7,
color: new echarts.graphic.LinearGradient(0, 0, 1, 0, [
{
offset: 0.5,
color: "rgba(44, 97, 188,0.7)",
// color: '#2c61bc',
},
{
offset: 0.5,
color: "#2584e0",
},
{
offset: 1,
color: "#214a87",
},
]),
// barBorderRadius: 0,
borderRadius: 0,
},
// 是否在每个柱子显示 相应的值
label: {
show: true,
position: ["0", "-25"],
color: "#005dd9",
fontSize: 14,
fontWeight:'bold'
},
data: zzx1,
},
// (5)第二个柱子, 下方有颜色填充的的柱子
{
name: props.nameTow,
type: "bar",
stack: "2",
barWidth: barWidth,
itemStyle: {
opacity: 0.7,
color: new echarts.graphic.LinearGradient(0, 0, 1, 0, [
{
offset: 0.5,
color: "rgba(15, 182, 182,0.7)",
},
{
offset: 0.5,
color: "#0ccec7",
},
{
offset: 1,
color: "#0bddd0",
},
]),
// barBorderRadius: 0,
borderRadius: 0,
},
// 是否在每个柱子显示 相应的值
label: {
show: true,
position: ["0", "-25"],
color: "#06e6f6",
fontSize: 14,
fontWeight:'bold'
},
data: wgx1,
},
];
// title 配置
const title = mergeConfig(
{
// 是否显示
show: true,
// title 文本
text: "",
top: 0,
left: "left",
// 文字样式
textStyle: {
color: "#fff",
fontSize: 16,
},
},
props.title
);
// 横坐标轴线配置
const XAxisLine = mergeConfig(
{
// 是否显示
show: true,
// show: false,
// 样式
lineStyle: {
// color: "rgba(46, 60, 87)",
type: "solid",
width: 1,
},
},
props.XAxisLine
);
// 纵坐标轴线配置
const YAxisLine = mergeConfig(
{
// 是否显示
// show: true,
show: false,
// 样式
lineStyle: {
// 是否显示
show: true,
// 样式
lineStyle: {
color: "#fff",
type: "solid",
width: 1,
},
},
},
props.YAxisLine
);
// 横坐标分割线配置
const XSplitLine = mergeConfig(
{
// 是否显示
show: false,
// 样式
lineStyle: {
color: "#fff",
type: "dotted",
width: 1,
},
},
props.XSplitLine
);
// 纵坐标分割线配置
const YSplitLine = mergeConfig(
{
// 是否显示
show: true,
// 样式
lineStyle: {
color: "rgba(46, 59, 86)",
type: 'dashed',
// type: "solid",
width: 1,
},
},
props.YSplitLine
);
// 横坐标刻度配置
const XAxisTick = mergeConfig(
{
// 是否显示
show: false,
// 刻度长度
length: 5,
// 是否朝内
inside: true,
// 刻度是否居中
alignWithLabel: true,
// 样式
lineStyle: {
color: "#fff",
type: "solid",
width: 1,
},
},
props.XAxisTick
);
// 纵坐标刻度配置
const YAxisTick = mergeConfig(
{
// 是否显示
show: false,
// 刻度长度
length: 5,
// 是否朝内
inside: true,
// 刻度是否居中
alignWithLabel: true,
color: "#fff",
// 样式
lineStyle: {
color: "#fff",
type: "solid",
width: 1,
},
},
props.YAxisTick
);
// 图例标记配置
const legend = mergeConfig(
{
show: true,
right: "0",
top: "0",
icon: "rect",
itemHeight: 10,
itemWidth: 10,
textStyle: {
color: "#fff",
},
// 取消默认点击事件
selectedMode: false,
// 距离
itemGap: 50,
},
props.legend
);
// 指示器:
const tooltip = {
show: false,
trigger: "axis",
axisPointer: {
type: "shadow",
},
formatter: function (e: any) {
// console.log(e);
var str =
e[4].axisValue +
"<br>" +
"<span style='display:inline-block;margin-right:5px;border-radius:10px;width:10px;height:10px;background-color:" +
e[4].color.colorStops[0].color +
";'></span>" +
"" +
e[4].seriesName +
" : " +
e[4].value +
"<br>" +
"<span style='display:inline-block;margin-right:5px;border-radius:10px;width:10px;height:10px;background-color:" +
e[5].color.colorStops[0].color +
";'></span>" +
"" +
e[5].seriesName +
" : " +
e[5].value;
return str;
},
// 提示框背景颜色
backgroundColor: "#122843",
// 提示框边框颜色
borderColor: "#42D1F1",
// 提示框文本样式
textStyle: {
color: "#fff",
},
};
// 汇总配置
let option: echarts.EChartsCoreOption = {
title,
tooltip,
legend,
grid: {
top: "12%",
left: "2%",
right: "2%",
bottom: "5%",
// height: "85%",
containLabel: true,
},
xAxis: {
type: "category",
boundaryGap: true,
data: props.xAxisData,
axisLine: XAxisLine,
splitLine: XSplitLine,
axisTick: XAxisTick,
axisLabel: {
// textStyle: {
color: "#fff",
fontSize:16
// },
},
},
yAxis: {
type: "value",
// 单位
name: props.yUnit,
axisLine: YAxisLine,
splitLine: YSplitLine,
axisTick: YAxisTick,
axisLabel: {
// textStyle: {
color: "#fff",
fontSize:16
// },
},
min: 0,
// max: props.max,
},
series,
};
// 合并配置生成最终配置
option = Object.assign(option, props.config);
return option;
}
// props
const props = defineProps({
// 父容器ID
pid: {
type: String,
required: true,
},
title: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
// 数据
series: {
// type: Array as () => Array<BarSeriesOption>,
type: Array as () => { data: number[] }[],
required: true,
},
// 横坐标
xAxisData: {
type: Array,
required: true,
},
// 图例标记
legend: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
// 横坐标轴线
XAxisLine: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
// 纵坐标轴线
YAxisLine: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
// y轴单位
yUnit: {
type: String,
default: "",
},
// 横坐标分割线
XSplitLine: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
// 纵坐标分割线
YSplitLine: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
// 横坐标刻度
XAxisTick: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
// 纵坐标刻度
YAxisTick: {
type: Object,
default: {},
},
// 总配置，将与默认配置与用户传入的配置合并
config: {
type: Object as () => echarts.EChartsCoreOption,
default: {},
},
// 最值
// max: {
// type: Number,
// // requird: true,
// default: 5000,
// },
nameOne: {
type: String,
default: "昨日总量",
},
nameTow: {
type: String,
default: "今日总量",
},
});
// option
let option = initOption();
// chart 容器
let container: HTMLElement | null = null;
// chart 实例
let myChart: echarts.ECharts | null = null;
// 渲染方法
const renderChart = () => {
if (!myChart) myChart = echarts.init(container as HTMLElement);
myChart.setOption(option);
};
// DOM加载后渲染 chart
nextTick(() => {
// 获取容器
container = document.querySelector("#" + props.pid) as HTMLElement;
// 渲染 chart
renderChart();
// 自适应 chart
// useResizeChart(container, myChart as echarts.ECharts);
});
// 监听 props 变化
watch(
() => props,
() => {
// 更新 option
option = initOption();
// 重新渲染chart
renderChart();
},
{
deep: true,
}
);
// 导出为图片
function exportImg() {
// 生成 base64 图片
const src = (myChart as echarts.ECharts).getDataURL({
pixelRatio: 2,
backgroundColor: "#08172A",
});
// 下载
const a = document.createElement("a");
a.href = src;
a.download = (option.title as { text: string }).text || "chart-img";
a.click();
}
// 暴露出 chart 图片导出方法，父组件可以通过实例调用
defineExpose({
exportImg,
});
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped></style>